The development
In 1988 the board of Nintendo did not show much interest to develop a competitive system to Sega’s release of their 16-byte Sega Genesis, but when the Genesis took the market in North-America and Europe with storm, thanks to their superior technologies, Nintendo decided to develop their own system.
Hiroshi Yamauchi, adm.director for Nintendo at the time, gave the responsibility to create the console to Masayuki Uemura. Originally they had planned for the Famicomen/NES(Nintendo entertainment system) to be a 16 byte system but the components were too expensive the first time around when they were producing the product, so they made it an 8 byte system instead. This time the components were cheaper and they did not hesitate to make a more powerful system during the production of the SNES (Super Nintendo entertainment system).
Publishing and sale
A lot of the companies who had bought licences for the NES also bought SNES licences because of the success of NES: Squaresoft, Capcom, Tecmo, Konami and Koei were Nintendo’s key third party developers. This gave Nintendo an advantage in the competition.
SNES was released on Noweber 21st 1990 with a market price of 200 American Dollars. The game Super Mario World and two controlls came along with the console.
They had some difficulties in the beginning of the release of SNES. Sega had already launched some very popular games for their Genesis console, one of them being Sonic the Hedgehog, and this game was very important to the marketing of the Genesis because of the popular status of the game character. The Genesis was also 50 American Dollars cheaper than SNES.
A few months after the first launch, the power-set version of the SNES was introduced. It did not include any games and it only came with one control. It was sold in North America for 100 USD. After a while it was redistributed with different accessories. One of these games was sold with the Super Gameboy.
The merchandise was only different to suit all the different TV Systems in the countries where it was sold. A lot of the Australian tapes came from Europe for the reason that they both have PAL systems. The RPG had to be translated into different languages because the games contained a lot of text. A lot of action titles and one on one shooting games did not need much translation because the amount of text was a lot less relevant, compared to the context of the game.
The SNES had a big library that contained lots of exclusive titles. It had many RPG best sellers like Final Fantasy VI, and Chromo Trigger. Some SNES games are improved NES games, e.g. Super Mario Allstar and Ninja Gaiden Trilogy. (Martin Nielsen, author of NES World, 1997)
Despite the trouble of getting the sale started, and only being technically better by a small margin, Nintendo got help from the concept of the family friendly images, and popular characters in games like Super Mario, and that’s what made them dominating in the early 90`s. At the end of the 16 byte period Nintendo had twice as many sales from their product compared to Sega’s Genesis. (Steven Poole, Trigger happy; 1501ART Communication and Digital technologies 2006)
The SNES was released in Great Brittan for 150 British Pounds in April 1992. The release in Germany followed a few weeks later. The European version had the same appearance as the Super Famicom. Nintendo never really got a good grip on Europe because of distribution problems but the console was very popular in Scandinavia. (Martin Nielsen, author of NES World, 1997)
The downfall
The sale of the SNES in North America went down from 1996-1999 and Sony Playstation became more and more a replacement for both NES and SNES on the market. This lead to Nintendo closing in Europe and North America in 1999, but it lasted until September 2003 in Japan.
A changed SNES was released in 1997 and the market prize was 99,99 American Dollars only to be able to sell to the last people interested in the 16 byte market. The console came with Super Mario World 2: Yoshi`s Island. The RF gates and the expanding gates were not in on this version. Nintendo started to develop an inheritor of the Nintendo era by cooperating with Sony, but the disagreements between the two and Nintendos statement of details about Phillips being a part of the project, made Sony pull out. Instead Sony created their own system, the system we now know as Play Station. (Steven Poole, 1501ART, Comminucation and Digital technologies 2006)
A lot of the SNES most popular games were transmitted to the Gameboy Advance who is almost as powerful as the SNES. The Nintendo 64 was released in 1996 and it became Nintendos official flagship.
The emulation
As its predecessors the SNES still has not lost the interest of its fans. It has kept on flowing in the second hand markets and throughout console emulation. Many players did not discover the SNES until after its fall and this is the result of eager buyers of the second hand product which the SNES has become.
Early in 1998 SNES enthusiasts started programming a console emulator called ZNES. One year later the development of the rival ZNES9X started. (www.snes9x.com)
Despite of many legal warnings, court threats and attempts to stopping projects like these, Nintendo have not been able to stop the spread of files both on and off-line. After the console was taken out of production and the enormous growth of the Internet it is now very easy to find these files where ever someone might choose to look.
All in all the SNES has been a part of many lives and it still will be. The reason why is because nowdays everything old is now new. Who knows when it witt be game over for the consoll that rocked the early 90? You have the power to decide. If you keep on playing the original material it will last for as long as you may wish.
Links:
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www.nintendo.com/corp/history/jsp- www.wikipdia.org/wiki/SNES
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http://www.n-sider.com/-
http://www.snesgames.co.uk/-
http://nesworld.parodius.com/Search engines:
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http://www.google.com/-
http://www.google.no/-
http://www.wikipedia.com/-
http://www.vg.no/Books:
- 1501ART Communication and Digital Tecnologies, Steven Poole: Trigger happy
Renate Eriksen, Griffith University: 2579418